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Symphony No. 1 "Afro-American"
Symphony No. 1 in A-flat, "Afro-American" (1930) by William Grant Still was the first symphony written by an African American and performed for a United States audience by a leading orchestra. It was premiered in 1931 by the Rochester Philharmonic Orchestra. It is a symphonic piece for full orchestra, including celeste, harp, and tenor banjo. It combines a fairly traditional symphonic form with blues progressions and rhythms that were characteristic of popular African-American music at the time. This combination expressed Still's integration of black culture into the classical forms. Still used quotes from four dialect poems by early 20th-century African-American poet Paul Laurence Dunbar as epigraphs for each symphonic movement.
==History==
Still composed the ''Afro-American Symphony'' over 3 months, during which he had no steady work. Sketches for the symphony, including a layout of its four movements, are found in a journal which Still was using to collect material for an opera called ''Rashana,'' which he never finished. In his journal, Still wrote:
"I seek in the 'Afro-American Symphony' to portray not the higher type of colored American, but the sons of the soil, who still retain so many of the traits peculiar to their African forebears; who have not responded completely to the transforming effect of progress." Although he had received instruction from (among others) the French modernist composer Edgard Varèse, Still used a traditional tonal idiom in the ''Afro-American Symphony'', infused with blues-inspired melodic lines and harmonic colorings.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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